C87

However, two days later, on the ninth day of the sixth month, he traversed the mountain, passed Chang An County, passed the Xing Yi Temple in the county, followed by Sima Village's Young Mausoleum after Emperor Han Xuan's agreement, and finally arrived at's capital, the Chang'an City that used to flourish and decline in the past. He also passed by the Young Mausoleum of Sima Village's Han Xuandi, and finally arrived at Tang Dynasty's capital, the Chang'an City. However, to Ye Wuhai, this was only the second time the ancient city had entered the Xiejing City.

As the name implied, it meant "long term peace" and "long term peace" when speaking of the ancient and weathered capital, Chang'an. As the first ancient capital of China's Divine Land, she has long been the central hub of political, economic, military and cultural development for all dynasties. There are 13 dynasties in China's history that established ruling centers in places like Changan and Xianyang, and left a glorious page in China and even world history. The Weihe Plain, which she governed, was known as the "800 Li Qin Chuan". The Wuye's Guanzhong Plain was a famous grain depot throughout the ages, and Shaanxi had always been known as the "land of fish and rice". This was the so-called "The City of Que, the Third Qin, the Wind and the Smoke Sect." This "Three Qin" was a general term used to refer to the place near the Capital City Chang'an. The word "middle" in the TV series "Women in the Pass" refers to this place! After the destruction of the Qin, the top feathers are divided into the three countries of Yong, Sai and Zhai, so they are known as the "Three Qin". As for her title of "Three Qin Four Stronghold", it referred to the Tongguan, Martial Pass, Xiao Pass and the Great Dian.

"After the six kings leave, there will be one in the four seas, one in the mountain of Sichuan, and one in the Fang family... The people of Chu are burnt, the poor guy is burnt to ashes. " Late Tang Poet Du Mu Yigong "Aong Gong Fu", so far the music around the beam.

There are terracotta warriors in the east of Xi'an and the Epang Palace in the west. After the reunification of the Qin Shi Huang with China, 700 thousand prisoners and peasants were deployed to build a mausoleum at the feet of the Lishan, while at the same time, they were building a magnificent Epang Palace in the middle of a forest garden south of the Weihe River.

"It's time for everyone to have a better understanding of Epang Palace." Like most Chinese, she had the best and most natural fantasies about Epang Palace.

After two years of archaeological excavation, she has compiled a new "history report" for Epang Palace, which will be published in an authoritative archaeological magazine next year.

"According to the current archaeological findings, Epang Palace has no palaces, and the front of the palace has only three walls. The south wall was not even erected. Obviously, the building was built too hastily and was not completed yet." For example, Li Yufang, the front hall is the Emperor's "office building," but the "office building" site, except for the east, west, and north three walls, there is only an east-west length of 1270 meters, the south and north width of 426 meters, the largest existing height of about 12 meters.

"Throughout the archaeological process, there have been no traces of buildings of the Qin Dynasty. If the Qin Shi Huang was so imposing when building Epang Palace, where would its culture be? During the archaeological excavation, there were quite a lot of slabs and tiles of the Qin Dynasty in the accumulation layer of Han Dynasty. However, currently, we have not found any common and essential building materials in the palaces of the Qin Dynasty — — Wadang. "

Based on the above points, Li Yu Fang inferred that the construction of Epang Palace has become an indisputable fact.

Some experts believe that the so-called Epang Palace is actually a front hall, there will be no other buildings.

To say that it is not burning: Du Mu's rational imagination misled his descendants

"After the six kings leave, there will be one in the four seas, and then Mount Shu will be open for all to see. It pressed down over three hundred li, isolating the sun. Erchuan dissolved and flowed into the palace wall. The first floor of the house was five steps away from the first floor, and the first floor was ten steps away from the second floor. "When the garrison soldiers cried out, they sent a letter to the valley; when the Chu people burned the earth, it was a pity."

In the front yard of Epang Palace stood a 3.3-meter-high, 11.7-meter-long black marble wall, engraved with the late Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu's "Appreciation of Epang Palace". This article not only described the majesty and grandeur of Epang Palace in detail, but also left behind the thousand years of legend of Xiang Yu burning Epang Palace. Many people believed this deeply, and even Li Yufang's mind was filled with scenes written by Du Mu when she first came to Xi'an.

"Could it be that the buildings in Epang Palace were burned down by Xiang Yu's fire?" This question lingered in Li Yufang's mind for a long time.

Li Yufang had once excavated the Xianyang Palace, she was very experienced in determining if it had been burned down. During the investigation of the front hall of Epang Palace, for the first time, Li Yufang questioned Du Mu: the unburned red soil, ashes and clots, in the exploration and excavation of the base of the front hall of Epang Palace, the stratigraphic relationship was basically cultivated soil - disturbed soil - later accumulation - tamped earth base or cultivated soil - disturbed soil - disturbed Han Dynasty accumulation - tamped earth base, that is to say, there were no signs of burning.

"The burning of Epang Palace should be a false rumor." Li Yufang reached this conclusion, and the historical literature supports her view. Regarding Xiang Yu's theory of burning Epang Palace and three months of fire, there were no such records in the documents of the Qin and Han Dynasties. Records of the History said that when Xiang Yu massacred the people in the Xianyang, "he burned the Qin Palace and the fire will not be extinguished for three months".

The location of the burning palace of the Qin Dynasty was at Xianyang.

"The Qin Dynasty's Xianyang is the capital of the Qin Dynasty, and what was burnt down was also the capital's palace. It wasn't the Epang Palace in the Shang Lin Garden located in the south of the Wei River during the Qin Dynasty." "No," she said.

Then why is Du Mu's "Ode to Epang Palace" described so vividly and vividly, and even illustrated with pictures?

"After the map of Epang Palace appeared in the Ming Dynasty, I carefully read Du Mu's' Ode to Ah Fang Palace '. I believe that the painting described by Du Mu was his own rational imagination, and the map that appeared after the Ming Dynasty was built on this logical imagination of Du Mu's." According to Li Yufang, Du Mu's article is not a description of Epang Palace, but a satire of the ancient and modern.

"Du Mu's rational imagination, for a thousand years, has inadvertently misled everyone's understanding of Epang Palace."

The Royal Garden Resides in the Railway Building

During the Warring States Era, more than 2000 years ago, the Qin people had built pavilions and pavilions in their back gardens. They had built small bridges and flowing water. This was an unexpected surprise for the archaeology of Epang Palace.

"It's impossible to find a palace in Epang Palace from the front hall, so we increased our search range. However, we found a very fine landscape garden building site about 1150 meters west of the former palace site."

Archaeologists accidentally discovered a section of cobblestone aqueduct in the site. The canals were exquisite in construction, meandering and rather narrow, and also very shallow. They were greatly different from the canals that were specially made for drainage that were found in other places, such as the Han Chang'an City. It should be the garden landscape canals in the backyard of the Qin building. The two rows of rocks on both sides of the road could be used by the royal family to play and walk after the canals overflowed.

According to the analysis and research of archaeologists, it is considered that this is the remnant of the landscape water in the back garden of a large building in the Qin Shanglin Garden of the Warring States. It is also the first time that the landscape water is found in the garden of the Shang Lin Garden in China. It is of great significance to the study of the ancient architectural style and the layout of the royal garden in China.

This unexpected surprise did not make Li Yufang happy for long, because it led to a heart-wrenching noun - Shanglin Garden.

"Epang Palace is built in the Upper Orchid Garden." Li Yufang said that Shanglin Garden is the emperor's private garden, which contains nearly 100 large and small palace buildings. It was unimaginably large. From the map, it rose from the Wei River in the north to the Qin Mountains in the south. The most eastern end was Lan Ri County, and the western end extended all the way to Zhou Zhi County.

"The Summer Palace in Beijing is nothing compared to it. I can finish walking there in the morning. If I go to the Forest Garden, I won't even be able to go there by car for a day. It's bigger than the entire Shanghai!"

"Such a large royal garden is now under the railways, highways, tall buildings, tall buildings, and schools." Li Yufang was heartbroken, but she was more helpless: In such a big place, everyone knew to protect, but how? Where did all this money come from?

"The tall buildings here have already been built up. Now that there are schools and shops, the railways have all come in. Whether it is the cultural relics on the ground or underground, they have all been severely damaged.

• News links

Li Yufang said, "How big is Epang Palace? I will continue to look into it."

Li Yufang, 60, claims to be "one of the most common archaeologists", but her resume tells us: Qin Du Xianyang City, the capital of Western Han Dynasty, and Oak Sun City were excavated by her hands, and together with her old partner Liu Qingzhu, director of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, was the first to excavate the sleeping hall, the toilet hall, and the tomb garden.

Li Yufang was absolutely meticulous at work. Everyone understood that she was not allowed to go to the "construction site" by a 60-year-old woman, but she never left the site, no matter what happened.

At the end of the interview, Li Yufang said on the phone that she would continue to look into the exact size of Epang Palace and would give a satisfactory reply to the people of the country.

• Journalists

After graduating from the Department of History of Peking University in 1967, Li Yufang had been taking root in various "construction sites" throughout the country for more than 30 years.

She is now a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and head of the Archaeology Team at Epang Palace.

"Li Yufang's freshness was rare among archaeologists, and she was a" Starseeker "in her 60s." This year, we heard that there was a meeting at the women's platoon, so I dragged my wife along to get her autograph. I even went on stage to play games, got a volleyball signed by all the women's volleyball players, and took the ball. I jogged all the way home, afraid that someone would take it away from me. Now that it's on my TV, I put a hat on it! "

Every night at 6 o'clock, play 20 ping-pong is Li Yufang Lei's immovable reserve item. The two skilled workers on the site took turns to play with her, each playing ten games. At the "site" in Xi'an, Li Yufang is the "King of the Ball" and always has the feeling of "invincibility". Last month there were six reporters and Li Yufang organized a match. "

Li Yufang is destined to be unable to become a qualified mother for her hard work.

"Even now, when I take out the picture of my daughter, I can't help but cry. I really did let her down. " As an archaeologist, Li Yufang was well aware that there was always more care for the dead than the living.

"After we got married, we didn't even dare to ask for more children. We only had one child, so which couple isn't in a group right now? But even if we had only one, we wouldn't be able to take good care of it. " Her daughter, now 33, also began to understand her mother's understanding, but Li Yufang always felt guilty about her.

Good! Now, let's go back and look at Qin Shi Huang's super dream — —

However, things went against their wishes. Not long after the Qin Shi Huang entered the Emperor's Tomb, under the influence of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang's banner, the heroes of the realm all rose up one after another and quickly overthrew the Qin family. After that, after five years of competition between the Chu and Han dynasties, the victor, King Liu Bang, had decided to set the capital at Chang'an City and built the imperial palace under the leadership of Prime Minister Xiao He. However, at that time, the Chang'an City Han had been renovated on the basis of the original Li Palace — — Happy Palace, which was the foundation of the Qin Du Xianyang. Afterwards, Weiyang Palace was built as the main palace of the capital city of Western Han, and she was also the administrative center of eight dynasties, namely the new Wang Mang, the Western Jin, the former Zhao, the former Qin, the later Qin, the Western Wei, the northern Zhou, and the early Sui dynasty. During the period of Liu Che, the construction technology and art level of the palace of the Chang'an City had reached the peak stage; it goes without saying that the political, economic, military and cultural arts of the Chang'an City had also developed to an incalculable level, thus brewing the "good medicine and elixir" in substance and spirit for her "long term peace" and "long term peace".

However, the so-called "the extremes are the exact opposite, otherwise, it would be too late!" Feng Shui always has to take turns! In the three kingdoms, the East Jin Dynasty, the Song, Qi, Liang, Chen of the Southern Dynasty, and the Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, and Northern Qi Dynasties, the Chang'an City, instead of seeing her as the capital of emperors, had instead regarded his as the capital of the emperors. In the three kingdoms, the East Jin Dynasty, the Song, Qi, Liang of the Southern Dynasties, Chen, and the Northern Wei, as well as the Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, and Northern Qi emperors, respectively regarded her as the capital of their respective dynasties. But then again, the peril and importance of the Changan terrain remains an economic and military imperative that the world cannot ignore. Thus, not long after, the Western Wei, Northern Zhou, and Sui and Tang dynasties treated Chang'an as the capital of their emperors. However, after Yang Jian, the emperor of Sui Wen, seized the Northern Zhou regime, the capital still used Han Changan's old site, but the next year, the emperor built a new capital at the southern foot of the Longtou Mountain in the southeast of the old city, named Daxing City. In the Tang Dynasty, the Chang'an City of the capital used the city of Daxing from Sui Dynasty; furthermore, in the eighth year of the Chastity Monastery, Li Shimin built a Daming Palace on the Dragon Head Plains of the Northeast Garden of Chang'an City in 634 for his father Li Yuan. Then, in the year of Li Qilong of the Tang Gaozong, in 662 for Li Qilong of the Tang Dynasty, there were some diagrams drawn using AutoCAD in the "47, the first shot of the capital".

During the first hundred years of the Great Tang Dynasty, the national unity and relative stability laid a strong foundation for the prosperity of the political, economic and cultural arts of the Tang Dynasty. In the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the era of kaiyuan and Tianbao, society had developed to its peak. At this point, the capital city, Changan, seemed to have achieved the long-lasting peace and peace that the emperors had yearned for! Although this large and prosperous capital city began to decline after the "AnShi Chaos", in the final Tang Dynasty, she was still worthy of being the period of economic and cultural development of Chinese feudal society. Of course, her architectural skills were also greatly developed and improved, and reached the peak of architectural skills at that time. As a result, this ancient and varied capital was already renowned throughout the world and became the most prosperous city in the world. And because her city regularization was the most rigorous layout in ancient China's capital city, she not only influenced Tokyo City of Bohai, but also Pingcheng City of Japan (710-794, Nailong City, Japan). and the later Ping Jing Jing (794-, in the capital city today). Waiting for a city. The internal layout of these cities were basically the same as that of the Chang'an City, but they were on a smaller scale — Ping Cheng Jing only took one-fourth of the Chang'an City. Therefore, the Capital City Chang'an at the height of the Tang Dynasty was still worthy of being the world's grandest and most magnificent capital.

Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Xi'an

At present, there are 105 tourism resources centered in Xi'an, 77 of which are natural and human landscapes, which form four tourist routes radiating from east, west, south and north. In the way of combination of point and line, it has formed 10 different tourist areas, 10 scenic spots, 5 main tourist series and special tourist series with different characteristics. As one of the four ancient cities of civilization, Xi'an is attracting more tourists at home and abroad with its unique charm.

Walking through the ancient city of Xi'an and grabbing a handful of loess at random would make one feel the heaviness of history. The ancient capital of Xi'an is known as Chang'an and is one of the seven great ancient cities of China. The thousand years of history had left behind extremely precious historical relics and historical relics in the ancient capital. Xi'an is a natural museum of stereoscopic history. Let us set foot on this strange and ancient land, walk into the bosom of the ancient capital to experience its simple, heavy and prosperous.

Located about 35 kilometers east of Xi'an City, the Qin Shi Huang Tomb is the largest cemetery in China and even in the world. In 1974, Qin terracotta warriors were found on the east side of Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum. Now, the museum that was the cause of the war in Qin Shi Huang was known as the Eighth Wonder of the World, which caused a sensation in the world today. He walked into the hall and looked at the terracotta warriors who had been buried under the rolling loess for more than two thousand years. Their tall bodies and the entire forested aura of the military formation, as well as the deterrence they had created, left all the sightseers in amazement and contemplation. As one Japanese scholar put it: If you don't go to Xi'an, you don't go to China; if you don't see the terracotta warriors, you don't go to Xi'an.

Hua Qing Chi, who was at the feet of Lishan in the south of the city, had a history of more than 3000 years. Its pavilions, the rippling waters of the pond, and the dancing willows, compared to the terracotta warriors' spectacular scenery can be described as another victory. Hua Qing Chi was famous for the hot springs that gushed out from beneath the Lishan. It was reported that the Tang Xuan Sect and Yang Gui Fei came here to play every October. In the song of longevity and hatred, Bai Juyi had left behind the words "cold spring bath for Hua Qing Chi, warm spring water for smooth wash and clotting fat". If you have a weekend with plenty of time, you might as well pay a visit to the breathtaking West Yue Hua Mountain. Understand the "ancient Huashan a road" of the extraordinary danger, listen to a beautiful legend of cutting the mountain to save the mother.