Chapter 1446

All human expectations and fears about cloning are actually the knowledge of the future.

80 The clone in 2010, or the clone in 2010, has neither practical application value nor the need for fear.

But if we take this as a starting point, by 2050, cloning will be very useful and terrible.

From a technical point of view, this is mainly because cloning can be very modular.

The development process of cloning is very complicated, but it is very simple to lock all the tedious into the module.

Take cloned sheep as an example. First, the cells of Luyang No.1 are taken out and the nucleus is taken. This is the first module. The second module is to insert the nucleus of sheep No.1 into the enucleated egg cells of sheep No.2. The third module is to insert the egg cells into the body of sheep No. 3 and give birth to a lamb from sheep No. 3.

The three steps, to simplify it, can be called taking the nucleus, plugging the nucleus and giving birth.

If all the three modules are broken, they can all adopt automatic technology, just like the PCR instrument after 2010. Just find a cave with electricity, or any bear's bedroom, and you can start to operate cloning.

Imagine how comfortable it would be for such a convenient technology to be used in agriculture, medical treatment and animal husbandry, that is, traditional Chinese medicine will benefit immensely. If you want rhinoceros horn powder, it's no problem. It's not difficult to clone a rhinoceros for you, or just clone a rhinoceros horn. The new outlet will be the scene of pharmacy, Let customers watch you clone a rhinoceros on the spot, and you can ride for a while and then cut the horn. The user experience is cruel and interesting.

If convenience is used to infringe upon the rights of others, it will probably also infringe upon flowers. Regardless of high-end crimes such as terrorist organizations, when anyone with a complete set of equipment can clone a cow, the Japanese will not be very happy. In fact, after the cloning technology was confirmed, Merino wool was required to be inactivated for export, but if wool could be inactivated, the inactivation scheme of beef would be somewhat difficult.

However, convenient technologies are developed.

Standing on the land of China in 1988, Yang Rui faced many difficulties.

The first hurdle of sheep cloning is superovulation.

Yes, it's the same technology as superovulation for embryo transfer in cattle.

Yang Rui will agree with Ding Shiyi's plan to set up Haidian District genetic engineering laboratory on the same day, because many technologies of bovine embryo transfer can be used in cloning.

However, it is impossible to transplant directly without thinking at all.

Not to mention one is the superovulation of cattle, the other is the superovulation of sheep. Even if it is the same cattle, the requirements of different breeds are not the same.

For Yang Rui's genetic engineering laboratory, the task is more complicated. Because what they are facing is not the problem of transferring technology from cattle to sheep, but the problem of transferring technology from cattle to 34 kinds of sheep.

Yang Rui is not sure which breed of sheep he will eventually adopt to replace dolly. Therefore, in the laboratory, he can only paste a large piece of white paper to write down the names of all 34 kinds of sheep and try them in groups.

Using hormone, not using hormone, neutral environment, light acid environment, light alkaline environment

If there are all the possibilities of permutation and combination, it is not enough to expand Yang Rui's genetic engineering laboratory ten times.

Therefore, Yang Rui just draws a line. Once a sheep can test a suitable combination, even if it passes, if it can't pass in the end, it will be eliminated in the first round.

Some people may say, what's the relationship between superovulation and sheep cloning?

In fact, it is still the relationship between cost and time.

Because in the second step, the nucleus of sheep one is put into the unfertilized egg cell of sheep two, which will encounter numerous failures.

Sheep one's nucleus can be selected from a variety of somatic cells, unlimited raw materials, the number of egg cells is limited.

If we don't use superovulation, we need more sheep.

A few thousand may not be enough.

Why is Hwang Woo Suk, the national scientist of South Korea, losing his reputation? When he was doing cloning, he forced the female researchers and students in the laboratory to provide eggs because the eggs donated by the society were not enough. He was in a terrible mess and basically stepped on the area of evil scientists.

Although cloning sheep does not involve such a problem, but a sheep can provide a very limited number of egg cells, therefore, sheep with low efficiency of superovulation can not be used.It takes a few years for a cloned sheep to do so, not for no reason.

Even though Yang Rui had already made many arrangements and preparations, it took almost three months to complete the Yang Rui genetic engineering laboratory just as the first step of the second module.

In this period of time, the first step of the first module is still far away!

It's disappointing that the newly established 8811 project is so silent that the establishment of Yang Rui's genetic engineering laboratory shows little sign of large-scale operation. Although there are a lot of media reporters, it is far less than the scale when Yang Rui won the Nobel Prize.

Hu Chi, an official representative, was very worried about Yang Rui's wishful thinking. When he saw Yang Rui, he said, "as we all know, scientific research takes time. No one expects you to make achievements in two or three months. The media are all chasing hot spots. It's not easy to listen to so many people this time."

"No, Peking University, Tsinghua University and the Academy of sciences have come out together. Those who play science and technology can't help but face up." Yang Rui laughs, but he can't see anything on the surface.

Hu Chi was even more worried and said, "it's not about face, it's about confidence in you. Don't worry. As far as I know, the leaders still trust you very much. You just need to do research seriously. Besides, your laboratory has just been completed. If you count the time, it's just the beginning stage. "

Among the leaders Hu Chi knew, he naturally included and even specifically referred to Mr. Qiao.

Yang Rui immediately responded: "thank you for your concern. However, we have already started. There will be no big problems in terms of progress."

"You don't want to keep up with the pace, it's affecting your rhythm." Hu Chi is very considerate of Yang Rui.

He has the experience of connecting with the scientific community. He knows that many steps of scientific research can actually be changed. However, the fastest step is not necessarily the best way, and the mode of early achievements is not necessarily conducive to the later research.

For today's Yang Rui, there is no need for him to do research fast and produce more small results, except for a little advantage in publicity.

What is the value of domestic media coverage? If it's really necessary, all the media on the propaganda front should be consistent. Hu Chi is very worried that Yang Rui won't see this and has chosen the wrong way of expression.

Of course, Hu Chi would not remind the scientists with ordinary relations.

Yang Rui could not help but smile and said: "I do it according to my own rhythm. Don't worry, I have no reason to catch up with the progress."

"I'm afraid you pay too much attention to the media." Hu Chi's worry can not be said to be groundless. The power of the media is very powerful, successive praise is easy to let people drift, small curse can also make people depressed.

Yang Rui grew up in fresh flowers. He may be unhappy with less applause, not to mention that he has no achievements recently and is easy to be scolded.

A large amount of money and policies have been invested in it. As a result, in three months, only one new laboratory has been completed. Hu Chi can already imagine the serious face of the media.

Yang Rui, however, said with a smile: "if the media does not pay attention, nothing can be counted if it can not affect the funds."

He said and blinked, which surprised Hu Chi.

This is totally different from the scientists he is familiar with.

It can only be said that this is a deviation in the understanding of the two times.

21 In the 21st century, scholars always attach great importance to funding, followed by experimental conditions. With these two, those who can make achievements are omnipotent, and those who can't make achievements can also get some benefits.

But in the 1980s, scholars' concerns were quite different. Because scholars can not move freely, they not only talk about science but also politics, and even the evaluation of honor is not necessarily based on achievements. This makes us pay great attention to public opinion, not only the views of leaders, but also the voice of the masses.

21 In the 21st century, there will not be so many troubles. Scholars have made achievements and can not only change jobs, but also go abroad. Therefore, although we care about the views of leaders, we have no fear of the masses, and social media is not the first priority.

When Yang Rui was a graduate student, funding has become the lifeline of scholars. Only with funding can he be qualified to talk about other issues. Of course, liberal arts scholars mainly focus on politics. After all, what they do is subjective.

Under the gaze of less than usual but still a large number of media, Yang Rui completed the steps of ribbon cutting and speech, announcing that the 8811 project has officially entered the experimental stage.

For Bo Geng Xin and others, this also means that confidentiality requirements have been raised by two levels.

"Any living creature in the yard, even a sheep, must be innocent." Bo Geng Xin looked dignified at the closed door meeting of the security department.