Chapter 783

After reading the materials all night, van lunding pretended to be very confident and came to Huarui laboratory.

He is a medical chemist and biologist with professional background, but the more so, the more clear he is about the challenges he may face. Just like the challenges faced by all medical chemists and biologists when they first contact with a new project, Valentine knows that he will face a vast amount of biological literature and related basic principles.

When the researchers of any company prepare to make a certain drug, they are reluctant to admit what they need to do, but Van lunding originally devoted himself to the industry because of his poor research talent. Let alone Yang Rui, who is the top level in the academic circle, or even a common level bull, van lunding should also pay attention to the wording.

He doesn't want to be caught wrong by Yang Rui and ridiculed.

Not familiar with desferridone is the key defect fanlunding thinks. Therefore, after a greeting, fanlunding said quickly: "I heard that you are not clear about the process of new drug R & D. I have participated in an immature project before, and I hope it can help."

"Of course you can. Come on in. We just need you. " Yang Rui said hello warmly. What he needs most now is a guide. Even if he is blind, Yang Rui is very happy as long as he can use his crutch to knock out the right way.

"What step have you taken?" Valentine asked, somewhat guilty and complacent

"We are still synthesizing more active substances. I think it's better to have more backup. " Yang Rui has no need to hide.

Valentine slowly entered the state, said: "this is right, the more active substances, the greater the probability of the final product."

Ordinary small companies usually prepare two or three kinds of active substances. Their goal is not to make new drugs, but to sell them to large companies after the first phase of animal experiments or clinical trials.

Large pharmaceutical companies often prepare more than 20 kinds of active substances. Companies like Pfizer often prepare more than 50 kinds of active substances. The end result, such as Pfizer, is that there are often backup compounds and main compounds that pass the FDA's review together, thus turning one drug into two drugs.

This is a winner take all industry. Most small companies can't hold on for 36 months, and large pharmaceutical companies can't always get what they want. However, super pharmaceutical companies such as Pfizer are facing the problem of high cost. Their average cost of developing a new drug is US $700 million, far exceeding the industry average standard of US $200 million.

Compared with generic drugs, which often cost only a few million yuan, the depth of the bottomless hole of original drugs can not be measured.

Fan lunding decided to persuade Yang Rui to do more active substances first, then open more animal experiments, and then more clinical trials. At this point, if there is no success, the general pharmaceutical companies are doomed.

And the probability of not getting results is very big.

"The project team I used to work in was mainly to develop antibiotics, but it failed. To say that I still have the experience, that is, to give a more generous estimate of the possible problems in the experiment." Valentine did not go on talking about desferridone, but only about his own experience, so as not to show timidity.

Yang Rui agreed: "the estimation of abundance is very useful. What have you done? "

As like as two peas Arnold did, van lentin said, "the two phase of the clinical trial is not successful."

"I'm sorry."

"It's related to our initial plan. You know, antibiotics are actually a better drug to develop, because the effectiveness of drugs could have been tested in vitro, so no one expected that the second phase of clinical trials would fail." Fanlunding said that he introduced some situations in the project team.

Yang Rui, Wei zhenxue and others nodded while listening. This is indeed a rare experience.

After a while, Wei zhenxue asked strangely: "as you said just now, the effectiveness of antibiotics can be known in the laboratory without human testing. Before you do animal experiments, you should know whether it is effective or not. How can phase II fail?"

"We didn't predict that it was a temperature sensitive compound, and once a patient had a high fever, its efficacy would be greatly reduced." Valentine shrugged with embarrassment.

Wei zhenxue laughed without hesitation.

It's really a stupid way to fail.

Huang Mao comfort way: "bad luck also can't help."

Valentine's embarrassment flashed away, and then said: "there are too many problems encountered in clinical trials. Although I would like to admit that it is the luck factor, compared with the successful project team, I think it is our lack of preparation in the early stage."

"Oh, what do you mean?""The first is that there are no backup compounds." What Van Lundin said is that compounds with the same target but different structures, such as deferoxamine and deferrone, have such a relationship. This hierarchical structure is more powerful than many kinds of active substances.

Yang Rui shook his head: "we can't afford it."

Of course, Valentine knew that they couldn't afford it. It wasn't a small company that could afford it.

Van lunding nodded: "our project team also wanted to save this money to increase the success rate of a compound. I have to say that we were very optimistic about that compound at that time. No one thought about it. Eventually, we would encounter the temperature sensitive situation."

"Didn't you do the experiment in advance?" Huang Mao asked.

"The performance of in vitro experiment is not obvious. The environment in human body obviously increases its sensitivity."

"It was unexpected." Yang Rui nods heavily. He is also worried about this kind of thing. In other words, every project director is worried about this unexpected thing. People are not gods. Any exploration into new fields must pray for good luck. When they are beset with bad luck, everyone has to rush to the streets.

"Yes, so our project team was disbanded when phase II of the clinical trial failed." Van Lundin stopped for a moment and said, "there are many reasons for the failure. The lack of backup drugs is only one of them. It is also a big problem that we prepare too few active substances in the early stage."

"How many active substances have you synthesized?" Wei zhenxue naturally followed his words.

"Six. Our project team did not receive much attention, because it was reorganized once, and its competitiveness was not as good as other projects. Therefore, it was relatively poor. There were less active substances synthesized, resulting in less active substances passed in animal experiments. When it came to clinical stage I, there was no choice. There were problems in clinical stage II, and there was no backup, It can only be declared that the project failed... "Fanlunding told the truth without a lie.

There are few active substances synthesized, which is the disadvantage. Although the number of six active substances is a little more than that of small companies, they are pitiful enough. Normal small pharmaceutical companies don't want to pass clinical phase II or even phase III, and their capital doesn't allow them to invest so much.

Wei zhenxue's face slightly changed and asked: "you have prepared 6 kinds of active substances, all of them?"

Fanlunding thought that he was frightened by Wei zhenxue, and quickly explained: "we have been doing it for nearly a year and exhausted everyone. At that time, our synthesis work was not smooth, so we finally prepared six kinds of drugs. If your goal is to make a finished product of iron ketone, I think the standard of six kinds of active substances is not high."

"Of course not." Wei zhenxue muttered.

"Yes?" Valentine didn't quite understand.

"We've made 12, which is exactly double what you said." Wei zhenxue said, "Yang Rui is going to continue to do it."

"I agree with you that preparation must be adequate." Yang Rui doesn't know about pharmaceuticals, but he knows the research direction of deferonone. Therefore, it is the most correct choice to make a large number of active substances with deferonone structure and cover them as comprehensively as possible.

Fan lunding prepared a lot of words of persuasion. As soon as he started, he couldn't use them... His goal had been achieved, but looking at Yang Rui's confident expression and the positive atmosphere in the laboratory, fan lunding felt sad inexplicably.

……