Chapter 384

What is light?

Is it wave?

Particles?

Or both.

No matter what the truth is, the wave particle duality of light has long been written into high school physics textbooks.

90% of the students just remember having such a concept.

A small number of people have a deeper understanding of the double slit interference experiment.

After this brief study, the concept of light will return to the examination paper and become a branch line in the topic. Hitting the mirror will reflect a symmetrical straight line. By calculating the angle between them, you can get the due score.

But the solution to the dispute stopped here.

Waves are waves and grains are grains.

Duality?

What's the explanation? What's the concept?

It's hard for him to imagine why such an absurd description would be written in the textbook.

It's as absurd as saying that "someone has the duality of men and women. She is a woman in clothes, and he is a man without clothes".

Although he had so much doubt about his dispute, he would not have asked the teacher.

After all, since he mastered calculus, the science teacher has been unable to answer any of his questions positively. Before that, he could perfunctorily say, "this has to be explained by calculus. Let's wait until you learn it, ah."

So, the solution of the dispute stopped here.

Maybe he didn't expect that this stop would be 27 years.

At first, in the era when there was no Internet, his only choice was the university library. No matter after school or on weekends, he would take a long bus to go to the most famous university in his city, and then stood at the door, begging the passing college students to take him in.

College students naturally like such a studious little brother. They will not only take him in, but also listen to his questions, either try to answer them or lead him to the bookshelf of relevant textbooks and literature.

In these countless days and nights, a grand epic of physics is unfolding slowly in front of the solution of its disputes.

Only then did he know that the wave particle duality of light was not written down by anyone, but the result of a century long debate.

Particle school believes that light is a small particle that can be quantified and has mass. Newton, Einstein and Planck have proved this point without doubt.

According to the wave school, light is an electromagnetic wave, which can produce interference and diffraction. Huygens, Maxwell and Hertz have proved this point without doubt.

It's like one group of people proving that someone is a man, another group of people proving that someone is a woman.

This result is so absurd, but in fact, for a long time, such two completely contradictory conclusions are correct at the same time.

Until the double slit interference experiment, with the breakthrough of observation technology, scientists decided to settle the dispute by tracking and observing each photon.

The experimental principle is very simple, find a board to open two vertical slits, and then aim the photon transmitter at the double slit, continuously emit, and finally observe what kind of spot will be left on the screen behind the board.

In the particle school's assumption, such photons are certain particles. They either pass through the gap on the left or cross the right, and the probability is 50%. In this way, two clear vertical bars will be obtained.

According to the idea of Bauer, the light splits into two after passing through the double slit, which will undoubtedly cause interference, so a series of beautiful zebra stripes will appear on the screen.

However, the final result is that everyone is silent -

observe it, it is a grain.

Don't look at it. It's a wave.

Be more specific.

As long as the photon camera is placed, two bars will appear on the screen behind the double slit.

No, no matter how you stare with the naked eye, the result is beautiful zebra stripes.

It's like a person, she's a woman when you look directly at it, but once you pick up the camera, he becomes a man.

No matter how hard it is to understand, this is the fact that we have demonstrated it again and again.

No one thought that the experiment, which should have been settled at one stroke, has uncovered a series of more terrifying mysteries.

On this basis, Nils Bohr was born, setting off the beginning of quantum mechanics, and put forward three principles of quantum world, which are still unbreakable up to now --

the principle of superposition of states: in the quantum world, all kinds of possibilities coexist, and a person can really be both male and female.

Uncertainty principle: since the superposition state cannot be measured, we never know what will happen next. God knows whether TA will be a man or a woman at the next moment.

Observer principle: Although this man is both male and female, Schrodinger's cat is dead and alive, we can never observe such a thing. Once observed, the gender of the person will be determined, either male or female. As for whether it is male or female, it is determined according to the probability distribution of the person's superposition state at that time. In essence, it is a kind of random satisfying the probability, just like hand swiping cards.Einstein therefore mocked: God roll dice?

Boer's response was even more ironic: don't command God!

The brilliant quantum dispute among the stars began.

If we had to pick out some typical examples in this great history of science, it would be that Einstein and Bohr started to spray all the way to death from their meeting, and Schrodinger took advantage of the sage's state between teasing girls, and from time to time he would stir up a piece of excrement and abuse a cat.

Of course, what he sees in his reading is a series of great names and beautiful numbers -

Max Planck, Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrodinger, Enrico Fermi, Paul Dirac, Albert Einstein

Planck constant, de Broglie matter wave, Schrodinger equation, Heisenberg uncertainty

Although he can not understand the full meaning of it, but it does not affect his infatuation.

If not, he never fell in love with anyone.

Quantum mechanics is his only, mysterious, permanent first love.

He followed her through high school, through the competition, won the world champion trophy, and entered the country's most prestigious Physics Institute.

But she never looked back at him.

Bell's inequality is her last voice, and the phantom imaging experiment is her last gorgeous.

After that, there was a mess.

From philosophy prodigy to engineering swindler, everyone has to go up and pinch her.

From local tycoon to Professor Yu, everyone wants to cut a piece from her.

They dress her up, myth her.

They corrupt her, demonize her.

She gradually became seductive and decadent, psychedelic and stinky.

Teenagers began to hate her.

He only wanted to remember her at first.

Perhaps the person who shouts "smash the reality" should be him.

He therefore rejected all the quantum myths since the 1990s.

At this time, the youth has become a youth.

The youth returned to the origin of her first meeting alone.

Then he returned to his youth.

The place called wave particle duality of light.

He put aside the reality and returned to the aesthetic world of abstract mathematics.

He wanted to find the bridge between them, the bridge between waves and grains. He believed that this was the last key in her heart.

If "observation" can really change the result.

Try to be like those great names.

Write it in the formula.

Wave has formula, particle has formula, then "observation" must also have formula.

Put them together.

She will come back.

From then on, the youth went to the road of destruction which was irresistible.

In the conference room, Zhong Ping narrated the past lightly.

"When I was a graduate student, I had a great reputation, which was even greater than you and guijianfeng combined. The domestic academic circle must not be able to find it. Then came the sound of smashing things.

"Fart! Bullshit The solution of the dispute pushed them away and quickly walked and scolded, "why don't you take Li Zheng and them as fat sheep? Who's fishing whose? What the hell! Those people who used to spray with me once again have more backbone than you

"Solve the dispute!" Professor Lu immediately yelled, "that's enough face for you, isn't it? You're a waste of eating food in a food court, and you're also a good teacher for Li Zheng

"It is Don't go too far. " The associate professor also couldn't help saying, "sometimes you should take a serious look at yourself. What else have you done in addition to wasting money and mistaking people's children?"

Then, the door Shua opened, give up the reply, and leave the solution of its dispute is to meet the silly Li Zheng.

The expression that solves its dispute also immediately embarrassed come down.

Without looking at Li Zheng, he left with a heavy head and a cigarette.

The two people inside were even more embarrassed when they saw Li Zheng.

Li Zheng looked at the two men and shook his head in disappointment, which caught up with their differences.

All the way to the old place, smoking corner.

He didn't care about it. He just took one in his mouth. Just as he was about to collect cigarettes, Li Zheng snatched the cigarette box and smoked one out.

"What are you learning? Give it to me." Solution of its dispute raised hand then grab, "nothing to get rid of, bored."

Li Zheng, however, flashed over happily, fiddled with his cigarette and said, "can this really improve the efficiency of thinking?"

"Pull it." Solution of its dispute also can't grab, had to point to oneself, "can't you find someone else to go, I can't bear this group of people to mess with me every day."

Li Zheng raised his eyebrows and said with a smile, "Oh? This is different from the attitude just now. Isn't it that only you can understand quantum mechanics? "

solved his old face and said, "some say no?"

"Just to appease you, we are all under a lot of pressure today." Li Zheng stretched out, looked at the cigarette in his hand, and finally stuffed it back into the box. "I'm not as weak as you are. I need cigarettes to relieve myself for a short time.""Good luck, I hope you never use it."

"Well, I'll ask you one thing." Li Zhengning asked Xie Qifen, "if you don't say angry words, is it true that no one understands quantum physics better than you?"

"Tell me the truth..." Suddenly, there is something wrong with the solution, "if it's all over the world There should be two or three people who know better than me. One is from Germany... "

"Well, that's enough." Li Zheng took a photo to explain his dispute and said, "I'll go back and deal with it. We'll start class tomorrow."

"Hello Do you want to... " "The old bastard surnamed Lu is farting, but what he says is also true. If you want to get the result, don't look for me. If you want to learn, it's OK."

"Oh, when you learn more, you will come without invitation." Li Zhengmei raised his eyebrows and rubbed his hands and said, "come on, physics old prince. I've been waiting for this moment for a long time Maybe you were taught to do it first, or I learned to vomit first Who knows... "

At this moment, for the first time in learning, he felt a fear of being dominated.

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