V11.chapter 8

Kexun's question suddenly made everyone confused. It seemed that there was something wrong with the scientific theory to explain a supernatural event. However, this problem could not be thought deeply because of the fear of careful thinking.

If there are supernatural forces in the world, is there any significance in all scientific research? Is it true that, as those scientists once worried, if all things in the universe are random events, or unpredictable events, or events beyond the scope of the laws of nature, science will become totally useless knowledge?

People who thought of this shivered. Deng Lin bit his teeth and said, "no, I still believe in science, although I can't explain what I see. The unexplained phenomenon does not mean that it is beyond the scope of nature. It is likely that it is just because our cognition is still too little. Our existing knowledge is so small for the whole universe that it is regarded as a supernatural phenomenon for things beyond our knowledge, but I think all phenomena belong to natural phenomena! "

Zhu Haowen nodded and said, "your views are similar to Einstein's in a sense. The fundamental problem of the debate between the two schools of physics just mentioned is here.

"The orthodox school, which supports randomness, thinks that the physical quantities in the micro world have certain randomness and can not be accurately predicted. All the measured results are only probabilistic results. The orthodox believe that we can not accurately predict the quantum state of a single particle, how can we predict the macroscopic material world?

"For example, there are many things in the world that can't be predicted accurately, such as the results of lottery tickets, the size and speed of the wind, the weather tomorrow, and the number of points on the next roll of dice.

"Einstein thinks that these things are not really random, just because our knowledge is limited and we don't have more knowledge to predict these things.

"For example, as long as we know the force on each point of the lottery ball and the velocity distribution of the surrounding air, we can predict the result of the lottery ball. For example, if we can master the movement of each air molecule, we can accurately determine the future weather. ①

"and the reason why these phenomena seem to be random now is that we have not been able to grasp their knowledge and there is not enough data to support them. Therefore, in Einstein's eyes, there is no real randomness in the world. The so-called randomness is just the embodiment of people's lack of knowledge leading to insufficient cognition. "

"So you mean," Shaoling looked at Zhu Haowen, "what we have experienced is not necessarily supernatural power, but another scientific phenomenon existing in the world, but human beings have not mastered it and discovered the knowledge related to it?"

"I don't think so," Zhu Haowen said lightly. "The mechanical determinism represented by Einstein has been derived from fatalism by some people. Fatalism believes that since Einstein said that all phenomena in the universe are like machines, with certain laws and trajectories, and the first moment determines the next moment, then does it not mean that the fate of all of us has long been predestined, and everything is going on according to a predetermined procedure, and our life and death have long been doomed How can we work hard, or will we die? And I'm not a fatalist. I don't believe in fate. "

"In fact, Einstein did not completely deny the randomness of quantum phenomena," Mu Yi Ran said. "He just thought that the random phenomena in the micro world could not represent the nature of the whole universe, so we should try to establish new theories to explain the randomness."

"Brothers," Luo Yi raised his hand, "I still don't understand why we have talked about quantum, phenomenal mechanics and so on from dice rolling? You remind me of the fear of being dominated by physics teachers in high school

"I don't think it's meaningless nonsense that the formula mentions" God does not roll dice. "He must have some intention Zhu Haowen said, "after all, in the history of physics, shortly after Einstein finished this famous saying, the famous theory of" Schrodinger's cat "was born. You know, the question of Schr? Dinger's cat was raised by Schr? Dinger, who is also a member of the classical school with Einstein, and this painting is named after it. I think there is an inevitable relationship between the two. "

"I don't understand the point of this experiment," Dunlin frowned. "Cats are both alive and dead, which is impossible in the real world."

Then he subconsciously looked at Qi muhuan and Dong Yao. At the moment, these two people still fainted on the ground and lost their mouths on their faces. They looked very strange. When he said "both dead and alive", the half dead state of these two people was even more chilling.

Deng Lin could not help shivering. He quickly withdrew his eyes and looked at Qin Ci, who seemed to have the best temper among the old members.

Qin Chi then looked at Zhu Haowen: "this problem or Haowen to explain it, I was not very good at science at school."

"The meaning lies in this," Zhu Haowen then asked Deng Lingang, "light has wave particle duality, which you always know.""So?" Deng Lin asked.

"Light has always been considered to be the smallest substance. It is an electromagnetic wave and has the characteristics of particles." Zhu Haowen said, "and the" material wave hypothesis "holds that wave particle duality is not only for photons, but also for all microscopic particles.

"All matter in the macro world, including human beings, is composed of a large number of microscopic particles. Therefore, it is equivalent to that human beings and cats also have wave particle duality.

"Well, the problem is that the orthodoxy believes that quantum phenomena have randomness and uncertainty. If we do not measure it, we can't determine its position, mass and speed. At this time, all possible states of quantum phenomenon are entangled, which can also be understood as" superposition state ".

"Therefore, Schr? Dinger of the classical school proposed the cat experiment. Since the cat is also composed of a large number of micro particles, it also has the wave particle duality and the randomness and uncertainty called by the orthodox school.

"If you lock a cat in a box containing poison gas, before you open the box, it is equivalent to before you measure it. According to the orthodox view, the cat's state is now" entangled ", which is the so-called superposition state of life and death. Only by opening the box, that is to say, measuring it, can we determine whether it is alive or dead 。

"However, as you said, in the real world, even if a cat is kept in a box, it can't be a superposition of life and death. This state can't exist. Schrodinger uses this example to satirize the uncertainty of what the orthodox call quantum phenomena."

"What does this cat have to do with dice?" Asked the shawl girl.

"Maybe we can find the relationship between them and find the signature." Zhu Haowen said.

"Does it represent the randomness of fate to decide the way to test us by rolling dice?" Kexun said.

"So I think the program is on the orthodox side." Then, Mu Yiran said, "through visiting the neighbors and friends of the program, Ke Xun and I learned that they had a strong interest in physics during the period of program learning, which also affected the style and ideology of his paintings. The reason why he is on the side of the orthodox school is that he uses the randomness of dice to decide the way to test us. The name of the painting "Schrodinger's cat" may have another meaning. I think it has something to do with finding his son, as far as I know... "

Mu Yi Ran just said this when he was interrupted by a warning sound. All of them looked at the big screen on the wall and saw a line of huge bold characters flashing: "please roll the dice, count down 60 seconds]

everyone was surprised. Wei Dong grabbed his hair:" this is the beginning again? How long did we stop? Is the time of each roll of dice also random? "

Ke Xun suddenly thought of something. He went to check Dong Yao and Qi muhuan, but found that they had lost their breath and became two corpses.

Kexun took out his mobile phone from his pocket and looked at the time. He saw that the number showed at 9:00 a.m.

"The time is not right," said Kexun. "The time inside is faster than that outside. I feel that it took us only two or three hours to analyze the clues just now. The time on the mobile phone obviously follows the time in the painting. It has been an afternoon and a whole night in the painting."

"There's no time to think about the reason. There's only 10 seconds left." Shao Ling said, "we have to -"

before we finish speaking, we can see that Fang Fei has already passed two steps and reaches out to point on the icon of the dice.

The dice whirled quickly and stopped slowly after a long time. What was shown in front of everyone was a 4 o'clock.

They all looked at the big screen in front of them and saw that the dice icon disappeared and a new handwriting appeared:

[dad, are all the theorems and rules correct? ]

[at least, in the scientific system constructed by human existing cognition, the cognition defined as theorem is correct. ]

[that is to say, if one day human beings have a new discovery, and this new discovery overturns the previous theorem, then the previous theorem is wrong? ]

[yes, it's not just the theorem, but also many situations. For example, when dad was a child, people always thought that there were nine planets in the solar system. However, in 2006, Pluto, one of the nine planets, was removed from the list and redefined as "dwarf planet". The reason is that Chinese astronomers have been misestimating the mass of Pluto, which is lower than that of the moon. However, in its orbit, some celestial bodies are larger than it, so it is obviously inappropriate for Pluto to to be in the list of nine planets. This is a typical example of using new cognition to overthrow old cognition. ]

[so, Dad, I personally think that what the school should teach us is how to question and discover what is known and unknown in the world, rather than teach us to believe unconditionally what has been defined by the "astronomer of M", which is likely to be overthrown Like the nine planets one day.

Since everything that happens in this world can not be sure that it will always and completely operate according to the laws and principles, what is the significance of rote memorization that can not be questioned and used as an examination to determine the quality of students and the future direction of life?I think that the purpose of learning should not be to use an exam to determine our life direction and define our wisdom level, but to let us learn how to think about life and create life in a sober, objective, speculative, thorough and imaginative way. ]

after the dialogue between the program and the son disappeared, it was replaced with a new text:

[the world of laws]

the passage is from the perspective of scientific epistemology.

Welcome to my dear [hairy chestnut] [inedible lemon sprout], [rose color], [cat 29], [orange seed porridge dice], [Nai Xing], [jasmine tea], [red pepper running], [how many flowers fall in dream], [Gulu milk button], [gagaga GA], [Hao Wu Liao], [Qi Ling], [Li Li Li Li Li Li Li], Ning [Xiao Zhi Wei Lu], [pointer], [grixi. You can't listen to these words, shanqiaozi, Nanming, shixinna, Shenyan, Xiaoqu, 20693155, motto, Xie Er, Xueli, mingdongli, Xiaoqiao, shanqiaozi, Nanming, shixinna, Shenyan, Xiaojia, 20693155, motto, Xie Er, Xueli, mingdongli, Xiaoqiao, shanqiaozi, Nanming, shixinna, Shenyan, Xiaojia, 20693155, motto, Xie Er, Xueli, mingdongli, mingdongli, Xiaoqiao, Nanming, shixinna, Shenyan, Xiaojia, 20693155, motto, Xie Er, Xueli, Ming ][unknown stars] [Yiyi people] [Da] [Xiao Liu] [Liu Xiaoli w] [holding a lantern] [37886160] [Gulu Gulu] [38348840] [ye YYY] [book collection] [the man who discovered the amazing secret] [little transparency] [Okina] [the 12th floor of Baiyujing] [Shiyou] [Kakashi] [fish in Guizhou] [evening rain] the fairies flutter into the painting ~ ~

the story is full of mystery Thank you for the little angel who cast the "overlord vote" or irrigate the nutrient solution for me ~ One;

thank you for throwing out the mine: slightly?, three red clothed silver butterflies; eight unique scholar, round fat rabbit, and friendly dog's paw Two; Mu Tao, a Hejun, 33366809, Li lilist, Jiangguo, Lu Xin's wife, Hao wuliao, moshang qinyinqi, Beiluo, Weiwan, kittybaby, Yeer, Letian's poem to nine, calling me the queen and the little rabbit can't listen to these words;

thank you for the little angel who irrigated [nutrient solution]:

100 bottles of Yiyi people; 73 bottles of pear and pear flowers; green silk Twilight into snow 69 bottles; 59 bottles of Nai Xing; 58 bottles of hammer hammer; 44 bottles of colorful books; 40 bottles of books; 20 bottles of Jiuqian, who doesn't want to get up every day; 14 bottles of Chenxi; shredded potatoes, peach students, orange seed porridge dice, round fat rabbit, it's so difficult to find a good-looking book, Juzhi Weilu, Fudi sheep, the 12th floor of Baiyujing, xuquanhuan. There were 10 bottles of small transparent, insect pest, Jidai, Mo Deng and Xiyu; 8 bottles of shalalalala; 6 bottles of salted fish and Lu Xin's wife; 602, 37742592, and Shanhe as before. , 32133209 5 bottles; broken mirror, Lantern Festival, monkey brother, monkey brother, you really can't, know how many flowers fall in your dream, Su Yu, you da demon king, wanly, two meter eight, potassium and calcium, chestnut that can blow hair, Meng Yiyi, Tianyu road slippery king, white rabbit with fish, meow meow, suiyun Sishui Yi, Lou Lan Yuejin 1 bottle;

thank you very much for your support, I will continue to work hard!

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