Chapter 404

If he had not studied in Leningrad University and accumulated economic experience over the years, he would not have understood the pertinence of Yakovlev and Gorbachev's discussion. Since the end of the Second World War, Keynesianism has gradually become a magic weapon for Western European capitalist countries to promote economic development. In Britain, the influence of Keynesianism is particularly prominent. After the Second World War, Winston Churchill, who led Britain to defeat the Communist Party, was ousted, and Attlee, the leader of the labor party, became the first prime minister after the war. Although Churchill led the conservative party to make a comeback after that, it still could not stop the trend of long-term ruling of the labor party. Keynesianism came to the stage of history under this special historical background.

After the war, the Soviet Union and Europe were almost faced with the same problem. There were ruins everywhere, and the great wealth before the war disappeared in the war. In this case, relying on Adam Smith's liberal economy can no longer solve practical problems. Therefore, under the guidance of Keynesianism, the government began to intervene in the economic operation, nationalized large industrial enterprises and banks, and improved workers' wages and welfare. Together, we have rebuilt Europe from the ruins. Although the policy implemented by the Soviet Union at that time was called Stalinism, the two doctrines were the same in terms of nationalization. In fact, it is not only Europe, but also Asia, Japan, South Korea and China that are carrying out nationalization with their own characteristics. Japan's nationalization began before the end of the war, South Korea began in the period of Park Chung Hee, and China was called a public-private partnership. The eastern and Western camps on both sides of the iron curtain chose similar reform paths in a similar historical period, which is a historical necessity.

However, after entering the 1980s, the economies of the world's major industrial countries have fallen into stagnation and recession, with the exception of Japan. People with clear eyes can see that Keynesianism has come to an end, and we must find new ways to solve the problems in economic life. So in this case, the governments of all countries have started their own way of exploration. This seems to be a historical necessity. Just a few years ago, China proposed reform and opening up. Thatcher government also began the road of privatization reform. The French Mitterrand government adjusted its policy to the same road as Britain a few years ago, and the Soviet Union has been emphasizing the issue of reform since Brezhnev in his later years. However, at this stage, the Iron Lady of the UK seems to show us a clear path. Although the economy of the UK is still at the bottom among the major industrial countries, we should consider that the country spent a lot of money to fight Argentina last year. In fact, the reform of the UK has begun to show positive effects.

In the room, Gorbachev and Yakovlev were discussing enthusiastically, while seliosha listened quietly without saying a word. Shariosha admits that most of Yakovlev's views are correct, but reform can't be carried out just by mouth. Thatcher can cancel the milk for primary school students in order to save the government's budget. Gorbachev dare not cancel the similar welfare for workers.

"Xie liaosha, what do you think?" When Gorbachev saw that seryosha was silent, he felt a little curious and asked him.

"Secretary Gorbachev, you have talked about a lot of these problems, which are still too complicated for me. I am not very clear about these economic theories, but if I talk about the work of our Ministry of foreign trade, I would like to say that our export commodities are too single, and most of them are resources and raw materials, It's very vulnerable to the impact of commodity prices in the international market! " Shariosha reported to Gorbachev.

"Not bad! Now Xie liaosha has grown up too! " Yakovlev should praise Gorbachev. After all, xieliaosha was introduced by Yakovlev. The better he did, the more he could explain Yakovlev's vision.

For the other side's praise, Xie liaosha naturally has to shirk, but he is aware of a problem. Today, in the conversation between the three people, he heard a lot of words that are not suitable for public expression. Does this mean that he has entered Gorbachev's deeper circle of staff.

"Comrade Xie liaosha, you worked in the Ministry of agriculture some time ago. I want to know what you think of our agriculture! You know, I've always been in charge of this. If we have any good ideas, we can all practice them! " Gorbachev was obviously not satisfied with seryosha's answer. He wanted a deeper and more effective answer.

"Secretary, in fact, when I was the director of the Food Bureau, I planned to do some work, but you know we are facing a very realistic problem, that is, the problem of labor force. In my opinion, this is the biggest difficulty restricting our agricultural development! If we can send some young people back from... To engage in agricultural production, I think our grain production will be greatly improved! " Xie liaosha said cautiously that he wanted to talk about Afghanistan, but it's not just Afghanistan. There are a large number of Soviet troops in Eastern European countries, as well as millions of old soldiers on the border between China and the Soviet Union. You should know that the population of the Soviet Union is almost the least populated country in the world, but a large number of young people with labor ability are sent to the front line, How can domestic production and construction be good. It took only half a year to build a large steel plant from scratch in Stalin's time, but now it takes one year to build several apartment buildings in Moscow, which is enough to show how serious the domestic labor shortage has damaged the normal construction speed.

"Xie liaosha, I'm afraid it can't be reversed for a while!" Gorbachev shook his head and sighed.

"General secretary, we can import frozen meat and grain from American countries, but the common people will not be satisfied just by eating these things! We are also short of fresh food such as vegetables and fruits. You should know that these can only be imported from our neighboring countries. Even if our labor force is sufficient, we can not produce enough fruits and vegetables to guarantee the supply of the common people because of the climate and other reasons! If possible, can we communicate with our neighbors to solve our difficulties in this respect? " Xie liaosha asked implicitly that he was actually suggesting that Gorbachev could trade some fresh products with China. For example, some fruit and vegetable products could not be transported from South America to the Soviet Union unless they were transported by air.

"You mean China? Let's do it, seliosha! An American guest is coming to the Kremlin next week. I think he may have a way to solve our problem! " Gorbachev said mysteriously.