Chapter 976

"Let me talk about the current development of medicine and biology at home and abroad. Make it clear in a few words. " Yang Rui thought for a moment and said: "in short, since the 1970s, it has been the golden age of new drug research and development in the world. A series of original drugs and imitative innovative drugs have been on the market one after another, and they are the first to be synthesized β Adrenergic blocker propranolol, histamine H2 receptor blockers cimetidine and ranitidine are all the first cases. Many patients have been saved and the profit is very high. As a result, the theory of new drug research has developed for nearly 20 years, and various technology platforms and methods have also developed rapidly. At present, China has not kept up with the times. "

Yang Rui took a look at the three people and saw that they were really listening, so he continued: "at present, our backwardness in new drug research cannot be changed in a short time. The reason is also very simple. Our country has no money. At present, the investment in new drug research and development is about 400 million US dollars per drug, but this figure will soar rapidly. I predict that by the end of the 1980s, the capital cost of a new drug will rise to 1 billion US dollars to 1.5 billion US dollars, and the R & D cycle will increase to 10 to 12 years.... "

Yang Rui made a prediction without caring, but he didn't know, This kind of prediction is rarely seen when giving lectures to bigwigs - if you guess right, it's OK. If you guess wrong, it's not the end.

But Yang Rui is not afraid of these. He talked about many problems in drug research and development, and spread his views on the domestic biopharmaceutical industry.

He is so familiar with these contents that he can say them accurately and in detail without thinking about them.

The three listeners listened very carefully. Pharmaceutical industry is one of the few high-tech industries in China that can earn foreign exchange at present. Although compared with the international level, high technology is barely high, it is also a very important industry after all. It is necessary to learn about it in two hours.

Tang Gong even took out his notebook and made a brief record. When Yang Rui stopped, he asked, "Yang Rui, I heard that you have made a new drug, which has been sold to foreigners. Is it very valuable?"

Yang Rui said: "yes, I signed a landmark contract with a total value of more than US $10 million."

The three big men looked at each other, and none of them asked where the money had gone.

But Tang Gong asked with great interest: "is it possible to develop such a drug in China?"

Yang Rui thought for a moment and said, "I don't want to say it, but I don't think it's possible."

"Yes?"

"New drug research and development is a matter of probability. Now, the cost budget for developing a new compound is US $50 million. Of course, US $5 million may be able to do it, but US $5 million may not get anything. Therefore, in order not to lose everything, we need to prepare a budget of US $50 million." Yang Rui stopped for a moment, then said: "the domestic budget cost may have to be higher. After all, there is no equipment, so we have to buy all the new equipment. What I'm talking about is just making new compounds, just like what I did before. If the complete drug research and development takes longer, the efficiency is lower, and it's more unrealistic. "

"So, domestic pharmaceutical companies can't make original drugs?" Tang Gong has some regrets. He can't see the loss of profits.

After a little thought, Yang Rui said, "I agree that we should make generic drugs first and then original drugs, but the goal of making generic drugs should be to make original drugs, not to copy all the way."

"Intellectual property rights and patent protection are the foundation of new drug research and development. Otherwise, no company will use $1 billion to make wedding clothes for people," Yang said

When he said this, he naturally thought of the development history of generic drugs in India. Later India has become a pure generic drug country, and its national policy requires pharmaceutical companies to compel authorization. Of course, the current system and regulations in India are not perfect.

Therefore, Yang Rui once again said in the form of prediction: "there is a fundamental difference between the development of generic drug industry with original drugs as the goal and the development of generic drug industry with generic drugs as the goal. At present, Japan is taking the former Road, and it has begun to see the dawn. The Indian government is taking the latter road, It is expected that there will be considerable achievements... "

Then, Yang Rui described the policies that India will implement and said, "I think India's generic drug industry can be expanded. However, generic drugs are ultimately limited to original drugs. Changes in policies and even changes in international forms will affect their industry, which is not very suitable for China to learn from. "

What the three big men want to hear is naturally the content at the national level, and Yang Rui's answer is also very attractive.

The pharmaceutical industry is one of the largest industries in the world with trillions of US dollars. Moreover, its consumption of resources is very small. It belongs to the category of high added value. Countries with a little idea can't take it lightly.

"Well, if we want to develop original drugs in China, do you think it is feasible?" Tang Gong asked about the specific steps, which is the degree of policy consultation.Yang Rui thought seriously for a moment, and said: "in general, I think the four or five five-year plan should be able to see the results. However, the cost of drug research and development is so high, enterprises should be the main body, and the income should be fully considered. Otherwise, no matter how rich the national finance is, it can not support such a long and huge investment. For now, I think the implementation of GMP is a good strategy. "

"GMP is the production quality management standard?"

"Yes, GMP is not an end, but a means. There are still too many major problems for domestic pharmaceutical companies. Whether it is the experience of the United States, Japan or northern Europe, the bigger the pharmaceutical companies are, the stronger they are. Merger and reorganization is also an inevitable way. At present, there are more than 4000 pharmaceutical enterprises in China. There are too many of them. The generic drugs that make generic drugs are unevenly divided. They develop original drugs... "Yang Ruihe laughs twice, then shakes his head and says," I think, It's a lot for domestic pharmaceutical enterprises to keep around 100. In the short term, it's necessary to control the scale of pharmaceutical enterprises at 1000. "

In history, the implementation of GMP system has reduced the number of Chinese pharmaceutical companies from 4000 to 2000. Naturally, Yang Rui's attitude is more resolute and radical. After all, the small pharmaceutical factories with an annual output value of tens of millions of yuan are basically the products of local protection, and there is no market competitiveness, Even some pharmaceutical companies are now in a state of loss - they can still make losses when the government provides raw material protection and the drug procurement is government-sponsored. Let alone value, such pharmaceutical companies produce fake and inferior products, but patients have no choice and right to resist.

The three big men couldn't help but ponder deeply. Duke Qiao's spirit came all of a sudden. He was in favor of large-scale merger and reorganization of domestic enterprises. Starting from pharmaceutical enterprises, it was the inducement of law. If the whole industry could be closed, stopped and transferred simultaneously, it would be more in line with his administrative philosophy.

Tang Gong's and Li Lao's administrative ideas are more peaceful, but Yang Rui's remarks have shaken their positions.

Indeed, 4000 pharmaceutical companies are too many.

China's economic policy has always tended to be large and comprehensive, because under the planned economy system, small and beautiful companies almost do not exist, and it means high management costs that are difficult to achieve.

China's railway industry, heavy machinery manufacturing industry, oil industry, finance, communication, aerospace and other fields are all monopolized by one or several companies. At present, they are all well operated industries, especially compared with coal mining, textile and other industries, the management efficiency and profit rate are not half a star.

If the pharmaceutical industry wants to develop, 4000 pharmaceutical enterprises will certainly not be able to do so. It can even be said that the existence of 4000 pharmaceutical enterprises has challenged the survival of the entire pharmaceutical industry. Now there are foreign outsourcing orders, making many pharmaceutical enterprises live well. But how long can they rely on such low-end import and export?

Therefore, it is almost necessary to reduce the scale of pharmaceutical enterprises.

Tang Gong and Li Lao asked several questions in succession. After Yang Rui answered them, they gradually fell into meditation.

Taking advantage of the heat, Duke Qiao said, "Yang Rui, it's a big proposition to shut down, stop and turn. You can talk about it."

Yang Rui hesitated and said, "this is the content of management."

"You talk about pharmaceutical enterprises. The pharmaceutical industry is your line of business. Besides, didn't you have suggestions in this respect before?" Qiao Gong did not hesitate to sell Yang Rui to the stage.

Yang Rui hesitated and said, "in my opinion, what pharmaceutical companies need most is capital, followed by technology and equipment, and the demand for human resources is the lowest. Compared with the machinery manufacturing industry, the degree of automation of pharmaceutical enterprises can be raised very high. Therefore, although skilled workers are needed, the demand for quantity is actually reduced. In other words, the most important thing in the merger and reorganization of pharmaceutical enterprises is financial integration, followed by technical improvement and complementarity, then equipment addition and complementarity, and finally, it is likely to divert a large number of workers. "

Yang Rui did not use such words as elimination or layoff, because before the concept of "laid-off" was put forward, workers were a lifelong profession, and occasionally state-owned enterprises that were closed down and shut down had to redistribute workers' work.

Nevertheless, diversion is still a cruel and unavoidable topic.

However, Duke Qiao had an idea for a long time. He looked at Tang and Li and said, "I think what Yang Rui said is very reasonable. If we don't do a pilot project, let's use Jingxi general pharmaceutical factory, which is in violation of the production law, as a pilot project. How about that?"

"The scale of Jingxi General Pharmaceutical Factory is very large." Tang Gong looks up.

Qiao Gong just wanted to be big, and immediately said, "big has big benefits. It can fully find problems. What's more, the handling opinion reported by the Ministry of health is to shut down, stop and turn. This is ready-made experimental material. "

Tang Gong didn't speak, but Li Lao said: "I agree. However, we can't simply shut down the business. Even if we deal with it, we should deal with it meaningfully.""I agree. We can analyze it now." Mr. Qiao's eyes are shining.

……

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