Chapter 560

The transitional stage of science is often accompanied by a cruel negation stage, no matter what kind of science you raise, you can't escape this link.

Darwin's Theory of Evolution is the middle of the 19th century. Darwin founded the scientific theory of biological evolution. With natural selection as the core, he made a materialistic and regular explanation for the occurrence and development of the entire biological world for the first time, overturning the theory of creation. The dominance of idealism and metaphysics in biology has brought about a revolutionary change in biology.

After the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, the rational thinking of modern science has been established. The era of Darwin was in the middle and late nineteenth century. It was just the stage before he came out of ignorance and advocated science. In terms of thought and rationality, it provided the ideological basis for Darwin to establish the theory of evolution by natural selection. The long travels in his youth accumulated a lot of evidence for him, which triggered his thinking about the evolution of species and finally formed a complete system. It is undeniable that because the science was not well developed at that time, the theory of evolution had theoretical flaws, but with the continuous progress of science, the theory of evolution has developed into the modern comprehensive theory of evolution.

In fact, the purpose of opposing the theory of evolution is to draw out God. Now those who oppose the theory of evolution are already very cryptic. They don’t directly talk about divine creation, but intelligent design theory. However, there are only two possibilities for the question of how species appear, one is natural evolution, and the other is creation. Even if the life on our earth was created by aliens, it is still a question of where the aliens come from, and there is still the question of evolution or creation. Therefore, considering the life in the universe, there are still only natural evolution and being created. Create two possibilities.

Negating evolution, that is, naturally leading to the creator, if the creator is an alien, then this problem has not been fundamentally resolved. Therefore, in the end, only leading to the creation of God is the fundamental purpose. God does not need to be created in religion Yes, that's why anti-evolutionists are basically religious people, and the creation theory, no matter what the name is, will not add anything of value to scientific research.

There is a survival struggle between living things, those who adapt survive, and those who do not get eliminated, this is natural selection. Organisms are evolving and developing from low-level to high-level, from simple to complex, and from few to many types through heredity, variation and natural selection.

Species are mutable, existing species are changed from other species, and a species can become a new species. This point has long been confirmed by observations and experiments in disciplines such as biogeography, comparative anatomy, comparative embryology, paleontology and molecular biology, and even the emergence of new species can be directly observed in the laboratory and in the wild. So, this is a scientific fact as reliable as "the earth is round" or "matter is made of atoms". Today, except for a few people who ignore the facts due to religious fanaticism, virtually no biologist denies the fact of biological evolution.

All living things descend from a common ancestor. Molecular biology discovered that all organisms use the same set of genetic code, and biochemistry revealed that all organisms have a high degree of uniformity at the molecular level, which finally confirmed Darwin's vision. So, this is also a generally accepted scientific fact.

Now the academic circle generally believes that the scope of application of natural selection is not as extensive as Darwin imagined. Natural selection is the mechanism of adaptive evolution, and for non-adaptive evolution, there are other mechanisms such as gene drift. In other words, natural selection cannot be used to explain all evolutionary phenomena. Considering that adaptive evolution is the core phenomenon of biological evolution, it is also true to say that natural selection is the main mechanism of evolution.

During Darwin’s lifetime and for quite a long time after his death, most biologists, especially paleontologists, believed that biological evolution can undergo leaps, and that new forms and organs are derived from large leaps, while It is not the slow and gradual accumulation of small variations by natural selection. Some paleontologists, including Huxley, hold this view because of their emphasis on the discontinuity of living fossils. For a period of time after the birth of genetics, early geneticists also generally accepted the leap theory because they emphasized the discontinuity of hereditary traits.

The theory of evolution is the second major scientific breakthrough in human history. The first time was that the heliocentric theory replaced the earth-centered theory, which denied the arrogance complex of human beings at the center of the universe; the second time was the theory of evolution, which brought human beings to the same level as ordinary creatures. All the creatures on the earth have a blood relationship with human beings, which is far or near, completely breaking the ignorant self-esteem of human beings who are arrogant, under one god, and above all living beings.

It is a fact that species evolve. What is the cause of evolution? Why do species mutate? Why do species show an evolution from simple to complex, from low-level to high-level? Before Darwin, some evolutionists tried to answer this question Questions, their answers may either deviate from the facts, or be too far-fetched. Darwin summed up and abandoned the previous theories, and paid attention to absorbing nutrients from the academic thoughts of other disciplines. After years of hard exploration and intense thinking, he proposed the theory of natural selection to explain the facts of biological evolution.

How do new species appear? Because old species will mutate, why many species are extinct because they cannot withstand the pressure of the struggle for survival. Why is the relationship between the existing organisms and the environment so harmonious? Because some of the countless variations are just in line with the selection of the environment. As to why lower forms of life are everywhere, Darwin wrote: "It is not difficult to understand, for natural selection, the survival of the fittest, does not necessarily involve progressive development. Variations in living things.

Correspondingly, the emergence of new species means that another group of old species will disappear, and the same is true for science. When new science appears, the old science will disappear, and the position that people believe will become negative. From a sacred position to a ignorant rumor, there will be many sacrifices in the process.

But now that Lin Feng is here, the old science base is now in a transitional stage. It is just that people have discovered new science but cannot prove it, or it may be that they have discovered new science but have no way to develop real things, so no one agrees.

However, there are many products of modern science in Lin Feng's supermarket, so it is appropriate for Lin Feng to witness the evolution of science. To be continued.